This is an early study by Schumann that serves as a precursor to his later technical explorations. The piece is defined by its rapid, running passages that demand equality between both hands.
At Henle 9 this is among the most demanding works in the piano literature. The main demands: a left hand with real melodic or rhythmic responsibility of its own; sweeping arpeggio figures that must stay smooth across positions; and continuous sixteenth-note figuration that must ripple, not chatter.
Develop steady, even sixteenth notes across both hands to ensure a balanced, continuous line.
Comparable difficulty and character — good candidates for what to learn next.
A level or two down with the same spirit — ideal if this piece is still out of reach.
Exercice pour le Pianoforte is rated Henle level 9 of 9 — virtuoso repertoire, roughly concert / virtuoso level. In the RCM system it corresponds to about level 6.
You should be comfortable at Henle level 9 — meaning you can already play level 8–9 pieces cleanly. Learning it one level early is possible as a stretch piece, but more than that usually leads to months of frustration.
A typical performance of Exercice pour le Pianoforte lasts about 2 minutes.
Exercice pour le Pianoforte is available as free public-domain sheet music on IMSLP — the score is linked directly from this page.
Pieces at a comparable difficulty and character include Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C-sharp minor by Franz Liszt, Rhapsody in Blue (Solo Piano) by George Gershwin, La campanella by Franz Liszt — see the full similar-pieces list on this page.