This is one of the most virtuosic pieces in the piano repertoire, famous for its transition from a melancholic introduction to an explosive, technical coda. It uniquely combines Hungarian folk elements with extreme bravura display.
The primary challenge is managing the stamina and precision required for the demanding octave passages and rapid-fire cadenzas.
Comparable difficulty and character — good candidates for what to learn next.
Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C-sharp minor (S. 244) is rated Henle level 9 of 9 — virtuoso repertoire, roughly concert / virtuoso level. In the RCM system it corresponds to about level 10.
You should be comfortable at Henle level 9 — meaning you can already play level 8–9 pieces cleanly. Learning it one level early is possible as a stretch piece, but more than that usually leads to months of frustration.
A typical performance of Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C-sharp minor (S. 244) lasts about 9 minutes.
Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 in C-sharp minor (S. 244) is available as free public-domain sheet music on IMSLP — the score is linked directly from this page.
Pieces at a comparable difficulty and character include Capriccio alla turca on Ruins of Athens by Franz Liszt, Capriccio alla turca sur des motifs de Beethoven by Franz Liszt, Capriccio alla turca by Franz Liszt — see the full similar-pieces list on this page.