This piece is an aria, likely intended for keyboard performance, and is characterized by its lively and decorative melodic lines. Its musical distinction lies in its clear structure and the imitative passages that showcase contrapuntal writing.
Developing precise articulation and clean ornamentation in the faster passages is a key technical challenge.
Aria de la Gran Duca Ferdinando di Toscana is rated Henle level 5 of 9 — late intermediate repertoire, roughly ABRSM grades 6–7. In the RCM system it corresponds to about level 5.
You should be comfortable at Henle level 5 — meaning you can already play level 4–5 pieces cleanly. Learning it one level early is possible as a stretch piece, but more than that usually leads to months of frustration.
A typical performance of Aria de la Gran Duca Ferdinando di Toscana lasts about 3 minutes.
Aria de la Gran Duca Ferdinando di Toscana is available as free public-domain sheet music on IMSLP — the score is linked directly from this page.